QUBO范式

形式：\(\text{minimize}\ q(x_0,\cdots,x_m)\quad s.t.\ x_j\in\{0,1\},\ j=0,\cdots,m\)，其中\(q\)是关于\(x_j\)的二次多项式

模型互化：变量代换 \(x_j=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}0,&z_j=1,\\1,&z_j=-1,\end{array}\right.\quad j=0,\cdots,m\)

• Ising模型\((z_j\in\{1,-1\})\) \(\to\) QUBO范式\((x_j\in\{0,1\})\) 令\(z_j=1-2x_j\)
• QUBO范式 \(\to\) Ising模型 令\(x_j=\dfrac{1-z_j}{2}\)